Description

In target tissues for insulin action, such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver, pioglitazone is a selective agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR). Activation of PPAR increases the transcription of insulin-responsive genes involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid production, transport, and utilization. Through this mechanism, pioglitazone both enhances tissue sensitivity to insulin and reduces the hepatic production of glucose (i.e. gluconeogenesis) - insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is therefore improved without an increase in insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells.,

Dosage

Furthermore, no placebo-controlled clinical studies involving combination therapy and doses greater than 30 mg once daily have been performed. Combination therapy should be taken into consideration for patients who do not respond to monotherapy as expected. Pioglitazone dosages up to 45 mg once daily can be given to patients who don't respond well to the first dose. Maximum recommended daily dose of Pioglitazone should not exceed 45 mg since doses higher than 45 mg have not been studied in placebo controlled clinical studies. Unrelated to meals, pioglitazone can be taken once daily. Pioglitazone monotherapy may be initiated at 15 mg or 30 mg once daily dosages in patients not adequately controlled with diet and exercise alone. Individual care should be taken when administering anti-diabetic medication.

Missed dose

Never combine two doses into one. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medication as soon as you remember.

Overdose

Call the Poison Help hotline at 1-800-222-1222 or seek immediate medical attention. Low blood sugar symptoms can include extreme fatigue, hazy vision, sweating, difficulty speaking, trembling, stomach pain, confusion, and convulsions.

Storage

You should not, however, dispose of this medication in the toilet. Instead, utilizing a medicine take-back program is the best way to get rid of your medication. All medications should be kept out of the sight and reach of children, as many of the containers (such as weekly pill containers and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and are simple for small children to open. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. See the FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat, light, and moisture (not in the bathroom). To find out about take-back programs in your neighborhood, speak with your pharmacist or get in touch with your city's garbage/recycling department. Always lock safety caps and immediately stow medication up and away, out of sight, and away from reach of young children to prevent poisoning. http://www.upandaway.org In order to prevent pets, kids, and other people from ingesting leftover medications, they should be disposed of in a specific manner.

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Side effects

If you experience any of the following: For medical guidance on side effects, contact your doctor. Typical negative effects may include: If you experience any of the following symptoms of an allergic reaction, seek emergency medical attention right away: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. The negative effects of pioglitazone Bladder cancer has been reported in some pioglitazone users, but it is unclear whether the medication was the actual cause. Stop using pioglitazone and call your doctor at once if you have symptoms of liver damage: nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. You can contact the FDA to report side effects at 1-800-FDA-1088. headache, backache, or symptoms of a cold like runny nose, sinus pain, sneezing, or sore throat. Shortness of breath (especially when lying down), unusual tiredness, swelling, rapid weight gain, pink or red urine, painful or difficult urination, a new or worsening urge to urinate, changes in vision, or an unexpected sudden pain in your hand, arm, or foot.

Interactions

Many drugs can affect pioglitazone. More information on pioglitazone Adverse reactions Drug interactions Dosage guidance During pregnancy or breastfeeding Reviews (48) Drug images Pricing & discounts Spanish Drug class: thiazolidinediones Patient assistance Advanced reading Actos Professional resources Prescribing information Related treatment manuals Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Diabetes, type 2 The interactions here are not all possible interactions. Pioglitazone drug interactions (more detail) Your risk of developing severe heart issues may increase if you take pioglitazone while using insulin. Inform your doctor about all of the medications you are taking now as well as any new or discontinued ones. If you take insulin, tell your doctor. This includes vitamins, herbal products, prescription and over-the-counter medications.

Contraindications

Tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, dietary supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take. If you are unsure of a medication's ingredients, check the Medication Guide or ask your pharmacist. Mention any of the following: atorvastatin (Lipitor, in Caduet), gemfibrozil (Lopid), hormonal contraceptives (birth control pills, patches, rings, implants, and injections), insulin, or other diabetes medications; ketoconazole (Nizoral), midazolam, nifedipine (Adalat, Afeditab, Procardia), ranitidine (Zantac), rifampin (Rifadin Inform your doctor and pharmacist if you have any drug or ingredient allergies before taking pioglitazone, as well as any allergies to other medications. If you have not yet gone through menopause, which is the end of monthly periods, you should know that pioglitazone may increase your chance of getting pregnant even if you don't have regular monthly periods or if you have a condition that prevents you from ovulating, which is the release of an egg from the ovaries. When taking pioglitazone, if you become pregnant, contact your physician right away. Tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking pioglitazone and ask them what to do if you become ill, contract an infection or fever, experience unusual stress, or suffer an injury. Discuss birth control options with your doctor, including those that will work for you. If you will be having surgery, including dental surgery, let your doctor or dentist know. Your blood sugar levels and the quantity of pioglitazone you may require can be impacted by these conditions. Tell your doctor if you have or have ever had any of the conditions listed in the IMPORTANT WARNING section, as well as if you have or have ever had bladder cancer, diabetic eye disease, kidney disease, or liver disease. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are nursing. Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you closely for side effects.

When is the best time to take pioglitazone?

What is the best time of day to take Actos (pioglitazone)? It's usually taken once daily with or without meals. Take Actos (pioglitazone) at around the same time every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your provider or pharmacist to explain any part you don't understand.

What is pioglitazone made of?

Pioglitazone hydrochloride is an odorless white crystalline powder that has a molecular formula of C19H20N2O3S•HCl and a molecular weight of 392.90 daltons.

Is pioglitazone a SGLT2 inhibitor?

Pioglitazone, SGLT2 inhibitors equally effective for reducing HbA1c.

What is the drug Pioglitazone used for?

Descriptions. Pioglitazone is used with proper diet and exercise to treat high blood sugar levels caused by type 2 diabetes. It may be used alone or with other medicines such as insulin, metformin, or sulfonylurea agents. Pioglitazone works by helping your body use insulin better.

Is pioglitazone still on the market?

In December 2016, the FDA conclusion was that using pioglitazone may be associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. [10] However, the cause and effect relationship is not clear-cut, and pioglitazone is still on the market. Pioglitazone should be discontinued in patients with developed macular edema.

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