Description

The upper digestive tract's muscles contract more frequently when taking metoclopramide. Severe diabetic gastroparesis is treated with methoclopramide injection. Metoclopramide oral (taken by mouth) is used for 4 to 12 weeks to treat heartburn caused by gastroesophageal reflux in people who have used other medications without relief. Metoclopramide oral is also used to treat gastroparesis (slow stomach emptying) in people with diabetes, which can cause heartburn and stomach discomfort after meals. The injection can also be used to help with certain procedures involving the stomach or intestines as well as to stop nausea and vomiting brought on by chemotherapy or surgery. This speeds up the rate at which the stomach empties into the intestines.

Dosage

Adults and pediatric patients greater than or equal to 14 years: 10 mg IV as a single dose administered over 1 to 2 minutes to facilitate gastric emptying where delayed gastric emptying interferes with radiological examination of the stomach and/or small intestine. Information about the dosage of metoclopramide in detail Oral administration may be started during the earliest signs of diabetic gastric stasis. The injection needs to be diluted in 50 mL of a parenteral solution for doses greater than 10 mg. 30 minutes prior to the start of chemotherapy, an IV infusion of 1 to 2 mg/kg/dose (depending on the agent's potential for emetogenicity) should be given. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride 50 mg may be injected intramuscularly (IM) if sudden dystonic reactions happen. If there are severe symptoms, oral therapy can be started after starting with IM or IV administration for up to 10 days until the symptoms go away. Adults and pediatric patients older than or equal to 14 years: 10 mg IV as a single dose administered over 1 to 2 minutes if the tube has not passed the pylorus with conventional methods in 10 minutes. Less than six years: 0.1 mg/kg IV as a single dose; six to fourteen years: 2.5 to five milligrams IV as a single dose; children older than fourteen years: ten milligrams as a single dose; if the tube has not passed the pylorus with conventional methods in ten minutes. The same dose may be administered three more times at three-hour intervals if vomiting is still not controlled. In situations where delayed gastric emptying prevents radiological examination of the stomach and/or small intestine, the FDA has approved the use of metoclopramide IV to facilitate small bowel intubation in children. The FDA has not approved metoclopramide for chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children, but the following doses have been researched: IV: 1 to 2 mg/kg/dose IV every 30 minutes prior to chemotherapy and every 2 to 4 hours following chemotherapy. However, the following doses have been studied: Oral, IM, IV: Infants and Children: 0.4 to 0.8 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses The FDA has not approved metoclopramide for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children, but the following doses have been studied: IV: Children under the age of 14: 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose: 10 mg/dose); repeat every 6 to 8 hours as necessary; Children over 14 and Adults: 10 mg; repeat every 6 to 8 hours as necessary The preferred diluent is regular saline. Oral: 10 mg four times a day, 30 minutes before meals and before bed, for 2 to 8 weeks, depending on the clinical response. Depending on the clinical response and the symptoms being treated, take 10 to 15 mg up to four times a day, 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. Parenteral: 10 mg given intravenously (IV) or orally (IM) four times per day for up to ten days. Postoperative nausea and vomiting: Parenteral: 10 to 20 mg IM at or near the end of surgery The treatment should be restarted at the first sign of diabetic gastric stasis because it frequently recurs. After the initial dose, the dose may be repeated twice at 2-hour intervals. Twelve weeks is the maximum recommended length of therapy. Metoclopramide has shown efficacy in studies at a dose of 10 to 20 mg IV once (used in combination with analgesics or ergot derivatives), even though treating migraine headaches is not a use for the drug that the FDA has approved. Common Adult Dose for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: The typical adult dosage for gastroparesis is: Usual Adult Dose for Migraine: Usual Adult Dose for Nausea/Vomiting – Induced by Chemotherapy: Typical Adult Dose for Nausea and Vomiting: Usual Adult Dose for Radiographic Exam: For small intestinal intubation, the typical adult dosage is: For gastroesophageal reflux disease, the typical dosage for children is: Common pediatric dosage for nausea and vomiting brought on by chemotherapy Usual Pediatric Dose for Nausea/Vomiting -- Postoperative: Usual Pediatric Dose for Small Intestine Intubation:

Missed dose

If you miss a dose, don't take a second one to make up for it. To continue with your regular dosing schedule, skip the missed dose if it is almost time for the next one. As soon as you remember, take the missed dose.

Overdose

Drowsiness, confusion, or uncontrolled muscle movements are a few examples of overdose symptoms. Call 1-800-222-1222 for poison help if you need immediate medical attention.

Storage

However, you shouldn't dispose of this medication in the toilet. A medicine take-back program is the preferable method for getting rid of your medication. All medications should be kept out of the sight and reach of children, as many of the containers (such as weekly pill containers and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and are simple for small children to open. Keep this medication out of the reach of children and tightly closed in the original container. See the FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program. It should not be kept in the bathroom. Store it at room temperature, away from sources of extreme heat and moisture. To find out about take-back programs in your neighborhood, speak with your pharmacist or get in touch with your city's garbage/recycling department. Always lock safety caps and store medications up and away, out of sight, and away from young children to prevent poisoning. http://www.upandaway.org Unused medications should be disposed of in special ways to prevent pets, children, and other people from consuming them.

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Side effects

If you experience any of the following: Call your physician for advice on possible side effects. The following are typical side effects of metoclopramide: If you experience any of the following symptoms of a metoclopramide allergy: hives, trouble breathing, swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat, seek emergency medical attention. the negative effects of metoclopramide If you experience any of the following SIGNS OF A SERIOUS MOTION DISORDER within the first two days of treatment, stop taking metoclopramide and contact your doctor right away. Other side effects could occur; this is not a comprehensive list. Call 1-800-FDA-1088 to contact FDA and report side effects. Confusion, depression, suicidal or self-harming thoughts, sluggish or jerky muscle movements, balance or walking issues, a mask-like appearance in your face, a seizure, anxiety, agitation, restlessness, trouble staying still, trouble sleeping, swelling, shortness of breath, rapid weight gain, or severe nervous system reaction, including very stiff (rigid) muscles, a high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, tremors having trouble sleeping (insomnia), feeling agitated, drowsy or exhausted, lacking energy, throwing up, headache, or being confused. tremors or shaking in your arms or legs; uncontrollable facial movements like chewing, lip-smacking, frowning, tongue-moving, blinking, or moving your eyes; or any new or unusual muscle movements.

Interactions

Tell your doctor right away if you take any of the following: another medication containing metoclopramide, blood pressure medication, medication for depression, particularly monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), such as tranylcypromine (Parnate), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Zelapar), isocarboxazid (Marplan), and rasagiline (Azilect), insulin, and medication Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure whether the medication you take is one of those listed above. Keep a list of them, and whenever you get a new prescription, show your doctor and pharmacist. Understand the medications you take. In addition to vitamins and herbal supplements, make sure your doctor is aware of all the medications you are taking, both prescription and over-the-counter.

Contraindications

Alcohol may make some side effects of metoclopramide injection worse, such as feeling sleepy. If you experience any of the following symptoms while receiving a metoclopramide injection: you feel depressed or have thoughts of harming or killing yourself; you have a high fever, stiff muscles, trouble thinking, a very fast or uneven heartbeat, and increased sweating; you have muscle movements you cannot control or stop; or you have new or unusual muscle movements. In the event that you experience uncontrollable movements, such as lip-smacking, chewing, puckering of the mouth, sticking out the tongue, blinking and moving the eyes, shaking of the arms and legs, or uncontrolled spasms of the face, neck, body, arms, or legs (dystonia), call your doctor right away. Suicidal ideation, depression, and actual suicide. Do not drive, work with machines, or do dangerous tasks until you know how metoclopramide injection affects you. Metoclopramide should not be taken if you have any of the following conditions: stomach or intestine issues that metoclopramide may exacerbate, such as bleeding, blockage, or a tear in the stomach or bowel wall; an adrenal gland tumor known as a pheochromocytoma; allergies to metoclopramide or anything in it; or seizures. Parkinson's disease patients may experience worsening symptoms while taking metoclopramide. A serious side effect of metoclopramide is tardive dyskinesia (TD), which is characterized by abnormal muscle movements. The injection of metoclopramide may make you feel sleepy. NMS requires hospital care and has a fatal outcome. Metoclopramide has the potential to cause NMS, a very uncommon but serious condition. NMS, or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Parkinsonism. Metoclopramide users sometimes experience depression. Metoclopramide users have committed suicide on occasion. Mild body trembling, stiffness, difficulty moving, and trouble balancing are all symptoms. High fever, stiff muscles, difficulty thinking, an extremely rapid or uneven heartbeat, and increased sweating are all signs of NMS. There is no treatment for TD, but symptoms may lessen or go away over time after you stop taking metoclopramide. The muscles of the face are primarily responsible for these movements. These muscle spasms can result in atypical body positions and movements. Children and adults under the age of 30 are more likely to experience these spasms. Typically, these spasms begin within the first two days of therapy. Even after stopping the metoclopramide, they might persist. The movements are beyond your control. You may have thoughts about hurting or killing yourself. If you are older, particularly if you are a woman, if you have diabetes, you should not take metoclopramide for longer than 12 weeks. It is impossible for your doctor to predict whether you will develop TD if you take metoclopramide. The longer and more metoclopramide you take, the higher your risk of developing TD is.

Is metoclopramide an ondansetron?

Ondansetron and metoclopramide belong to different drug classes. Ondansetron is an anti-nausea medication and metoclopramide is a "prokinetic" drug. Side effects of ondansetron and metoclopramide that are similar include fatigue and drowsiness.

Will it affect my fertility?

There's no firm evidence that metoclopramide will affect fertility in either men or women.

Can I drive or ride a bike?

Do not drive a car, ride a bike, use tools or machinery if metoclopramide makes you sleepy, affects your vision, or makes you feel dizzy, clumsy or unable to concentrate or make decisions. This may be more likely when you first start taking metoclopramide, but could happen at any time (for example, when starting another medicine). It's best to wait until you know how the medicine affects you. It's an offence to drive a car if your ability to drive safely is affected. It's your responsibility to decide if it's safe to drive. If you're in any doubt, do not drive. Find more information on the law on drugs and driving on GOV.UK. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you're unsure whether it's safe for you to drive while taking metoclopramide.

What is metoclopramide used to treat?

Metoclopramide is an anti-sickness medicine (known as an antiemetic). It's used to help stop you feeling or being sick (nausea or vomiting) including: after radiotherapy or chemotherapy (treatment for cancer)

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