Description

Acarbose is a complex oligosaccharide that inhibits several enzymes involved in the digestive system's breakdown of complex carbohydrates. One of only two alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with FDA approval, acarbose was first given FDA approval in 1995 under the trade name Precose (since discontinued). In order to manage blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes, acarbose is used along with dietary changes, physical activity, and other pharmacotherapies. It prevents the conversion of complex starches and oligo-, tri-, and disaccharides into absorbable simple sugars by inhibiting the activity of both pancreatic alpha-amylase and membrane-bound alpha-glucosidases, which include intestinal glucoamylase, sucrase, maltase, and isomaltase. Acarbose also prevents the postprandial rise in blood sugar and insulin levels. Due to the relatively small impact on A1c, the need for thrice-daily dosing, and the possibility of serious gastrointestinal side effects, this class of anti-diabetic therapy is not commonly used.

Dosage

The oral tablet form of acarbose is available. Alcohol may cause a decrease in blood sugar. While taking acarbose, find out from your doctor whether drinking alcohol is safe for you. Make sure to abide by all dietary and exercise advice given to you by your physician or dietitian. Continue to take acarbose even if you feel well. Do not stop taking acarbose without talking to your doctor. Never take it in quantities or frequencies other than those recommended by your doctor. If there is anything you do not understand about the instructions on your prescription label, ask your doctor or pharmacist to clarify it. It is important to eat a healthful diet. Typically, it is taken three times per day. Each dose should be taken with the first bite of each main meal. Exactly as prescribed, take acarbose. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details if you're taking this medication for a condition that isn't listed above.

Missed dose

Do not take acarbose between meals, and do not take extra medicine to make up a missed dose. If it has been longer than 15 minutes since you started your meal, you may still take acarbose but it may be less effective than taking it with the first bite of the meal. As soon as you realize you missed a dose, take it (and a meal, if possible).

Overdose

If the victim has collapsed, had a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be awakened, immediately call emergency services at 911. Dial 1-800-222-1222 to reach the poison control hotline in the event of an overdose. Information is also available online at https://www.poisonhelp.org/help.

Storage

This medication should not, however, be flushed down the toilet. The best way to get rid of your medication is instead through a medication take-back program. All medications should be kept out of the sight and reach of children, as many containers (such as weekly pill containers and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and are simple for small children to open. Store this medication out of children's reach in the tightly closed, original container. If you do not have access to a take-back program, visit the FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website at http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p for more details. Keep it at room temperature and out of the bathroom and other places with excessive heat and moisture. To find out about take-back programs in your neighborhood, speak with your pharmacist or get in touch with your city's waste/recycling department. To protect young children from poisoning, always lock safety caps and immediately place the medication in a safe location – one that is up and away and out of their sight and reach. http://www.upandaway.org Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them.

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Side effects

Fruit juice and other products containing complex sugars, such as table sugar, cannot raise blood sugar levels because acarbose prevents their breakdown. You should use glucose products (such as Instant-Glucose or B-D Glucose tablets) and contact your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms. It's crucial that you and your family members are aware of the differences between acarbose and other diabetes medications. shakiness, dizziness, or lightheadedness, sweating, nervousness or irritability, sudden changes in behavior or mood, headache, numbness or tingling in the mouth, weakness, pale skin, hunger, confusion seizures, loss of consciousness, frequent and intense urination, extreme thirst, weakness, blurred vision. Acarbose may result in an excessive lowering of blood sugar levels if combined with insulin or other diabetes medications.

Interactions

For more details, consult your physician or pharmacist. This is not a complete list of acarbose drug interactions. Tell your doctor if you take any of the following: other diabetes medications digoxin (Lanoxin), diuretics ('water pills'), estrogens, isoniazid medications for high blood pressure or colds, oral contraceptives, pancreatic enzymes, phenytoin (Dilantin), steroids, thyroid medications, vitamins, or any other medications. Inform your doctor about all of the medications you take, including any vitamins, herbal supplements, prescription and non-prescription drugs.

Contraindications

Combining acarbose with a sulfonylurea or insulin will further lower blood sugar levels, which raises the risk of hypoglycemia. Acarbose shouldn't result in hypoglycemia in the fasted or postprandial states when given alone because of its mode of action. Under typical use conditions, patients receiving metformin alone do not experience hypoglycemia, and patients receiving Acarbose in addition to metformin therapy did not experience a rise in the incidence of hypoglycemia. In the treatment of mild to moderate hypoglycemia, oral glucose (dextrose), whose absorption is not inhibited by Acarbose, should be used instead of sucrose (cane sugar). Both intravenous glucose infusion and glucagon injection may be necessary for treating severe hypoglycemia. Sucrose is unsuitable for the quick correction of hypoglycemia because Acarbose inhibits the hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose. Hypoglycemia may be brought on by insulin or sulfonylurea drugs.

Is acarbose long acting?

Because of its long-lasting efficacy, acarbose should be of benefit in any stage of treatment for type 2 diabetes. Long-lasting efficacy might be a useful attribute for patients who have difficulty coping with frequent changes in regimen.

What are the side effects of acarbose?

Common side effects may include: stomach discomfort, gas, bloating; mild diarrhea; or. mild skin rash or itching.

How long does it take for acarbose to work?

Following 3 months of acarbose treatment, the lowest plasma glucose levels at the 3rd and 4th hours increased to 67 mg/dI and 75 mg/dI respectively. Plasma insulin and c-peptide levels were reduced between the 1st and 5th hours, but only the 1st and 2nd hour decrements were statistically significant.

Delivery time is:

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